|
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
-A-
Access Control - The enforcement of specified authorization rules based on positive identification of users and the systems or data they are permitted to access.
All-hazards Approach - Addresses all types of emergencies and disasters. This approach primarily denotes the use of a single set of management and response systems for response to emergencies regardless of their nature or cause.
Anonymized Data – Applying a common standard to patient information to protect patient identity from undesired disclosure when communicating care data to/from external parties. Also called pseudonymized data. Uses include aggregation for emergency management purposes, communication with public health agencies and research groups.
Auditable Data, or Data Auditability – The ability to trace the changes of a particular element to determine the before state, when it was changed (date/time stamp), and the initiator of the change (either person or system).
Authentication - The process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it is declared to be.
Authorization - The granting of specific types of service (including "no service") to a user, based on their authentication, what services they are requesting, and the current system state. Authorization may be based on restrictions, for example time-of-day restrictions, physical location restrictions, credit limit or restrictions against multiple logins by the same user.
Back
to Top
-B-
Biometrics – The automated measurement of physiological or behavioral characteristics to determine or authenticate identity. Examples of biometrics include: fingerprint, iris recognition, facial recognition, hand geometry, voice recognition, signature verification and/or keystroke recognition.
Bio-surveillance - The use of medical data to facilitate efforts to prevent, identify, and manage public health concerns through systematic surveillance.
Back
to Top
-C-
Computer-Aided Dispatch (CAD) – Software systems that provide a responsive and reliable manner for tracking units and call-for-service status at police, fire, and emergency medical services centers.
Chief Complaint – The patient’s primary complaint. Important for statistical purposes and may not actually be the most serious medical issue.
Consulting/System Integration Services – A category for firms that specialize in architecting, building and supporting information systems and networks by integrating components from different vendors.
Continuity of Care Document (CCD) – A harmonized standard that combines ASTM’s Continuity of Care Record (CCR) standard with the HL7 standard. This harmonized standard will allow for the interoperable exchange of a patient’s clinical care information between providers and between a provider and a patient.
Continuum of Care - The provision of comprehensive care from the field to hospitals, clinics and physician offices to the home, which advocates the pooling together of medical and social services within the community and the creation of linkages between community care initiatives at all levels of the health care and emergency response system.
Core Services or Facilitation Services - Common shared tools, services, and resources enabling interoperability which are offered through a collective effort of the emergency response communities. These services can include agency locator service, identity management, credentialing and like services.
Critical Incident Management Systems (CIMS) - Software systems specifically designed to support incident or event information management functions for federal, state, and/or local emergency management.
Back
to Top
-D-
Database Management System (DBMS) – Software systems that allow the management and querying of collections of electronic data stored in an organized, systematic way.
Decision Support System (DSS) – Interactive computer-based tools used by decision-makers to help answer questions, solve problems and support or refute conclusions.
Back
to Top
-E-
ED/Hospital Application – Software and/or hardware that can be used within hospitals and hospital systems to improve efficiency and/or outcomes of patient care, logistics or operations.
EDXL- The Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL), a broad initiative to create an integrated framework for a wide range of XML-based emergency data exchange standards to support operations, logistics, planning and finance.
Electronic Health Record (EHR) – A longitudinal collection of all person-centric health information, collaboratively created and maintained by both the person and their team of care providers. It is both secure and universally accessible, promoting safe and efficient self-care and provider based care.
EMS System – Software solutions that support Emergency Medical Services, ambulance, transport, prehospital intervention, prehospital patient care, physician surrogate, paramedic, and other related medical emergency functions.
Entry point - The first occurrence in an emergency event where a patient or victim is identified, treated, or provided assistance.
External Data Sources – Information sources that provide additional information for a given situation. It can be background data about a patient and his/her condition from telematics or medic alert companies, about hazardous materials and their affect on patients, about diseases and associated symptoms and recommended treatment, etc.
Back
to Top
-F-
Federated – A collection of independently managed, heterogeneous systems that allow partial and controlled sharing of data without affecting existing applications.
Back
to Top
-G-
Geographic Information System (GIS) – An organized collection of computer hardware, software, and geographic data designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - A scale that is used to assess the severity of a brain injury, that consists of ratings assigned to three variables depending on whether and how the patient responds to certain standard stimuli by opening the eyes, giving a verbal response, and giving a motor response.
Back
to Top
-H-
HAVE (Hospital Availability Exchange) - An EDXL standard that specifies an XML-formatted message that allows healthcare provider organizations to communicate specific utilization information and status of a facility (e.g. hospital, trauma center, nursing home) and its resources; including bed capacity and availability, emergency department status, available service coverage, and the status of a hospital’s facility and operations.
Health Level 7 (HL7) – Health Level Seven is an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) accredited Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) operating in the healthcare arena. HL7’s domain is standards for electronic interchange of clinical, financial, and administrative information among healthcare oriented computer systems.
HIPAA – The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) was introduced to improve portability and continuity of health insurance coverage in the group and individual markets; to combat waste, fraud, and abuse in health insurance and health care delivery; to promote the use of medical savings accounts; to improve access to long-term care services and coverage; to simplify the administration of health insurance; and for other purposes.
Back
to Top
-I-
Identity Management – An integrated system of business processes, policies and technologies that enables organizations to facilitate and control user access to critical online applications and resources — while protecting confidential personal and business information from unauthorized users.
Incident Command System - ICS is a standardized emergency response management construct designed to provide an organizational structure for incident management. It is an "all hazard – all risk" approach to managing crisis response operations for emergencies of all sizes, as well as non-crisis events.
Infrastructure - The physical and local components of a network. Typically, this includes wiring, wiring connections, attachment devices, network nodes and stations, interconnectivity devices (such as hubs, Router, gateways, and switches), operating environment software, and software applications.
Input Solution – An integrated solution of hardware and software components that enables wireless remote data entry. Examples include RFID and barcode scanners, voice-to-text translators, laptops, PDAs and touchpads.
Integrated – An environment where separate programs perform separate functions with communication and data-passing between functional programs performing standardized routines and using common databases.
Interoperable - The ability to communicate and exchange data accurately, effectively, securely, and consistently with different technology systems, software applications, and networks in various settings, and exchange data such that the purpose and meaning of the data are preserved and unaltered.
Back
to Top
-L-
Location-Based Solution (LBS) – Hardware and/or software that is mobile and portable whose purpose is to locate and track assets in real time whether the assets are people, equipment, supplies, or transportation vehicles.
LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) – A database of universal identifiers for laboratory and other clinical observations maintained by Regenstrief Institute which allows for the exchange and merging of clinical results.
Back
to Top
-M-
Mashup - A mashup is a way of seamlessly integrating content from various online sources into a single Web site or application.
Mass Casualty Incident - Large scale emergencies affecting many individuals and divisions of the healthcare industry. Generally are infrequent, occurring less often than day-to-day emergencies.
Multidimensional Search – A system technique that allows for the retrieval of information from electronic databases by locating user-specified characteristics of information.
Back
to Top
-N-
National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) – The National EMS Information System Initiative (NEMSIS) serves to provide technical assistance for the implementation of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Uniform Pre-Hospital EMS Dataset. The goal of NEMSIS is to establish an EMS data system at the local, state, and national levels.
National Incident Management System (NIMS) – NIMS integrates effective practices in emergency preparedness and response into a comprehensive national framework for incident management. The NIMS will enable responders at all levels to work together more effectively to manage domestic incidents no matter what the cause, size or complexity.
National Preparedness Goal – Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8 (HSPD 8) whose purpose is to establish policies to strengthen the preparedness of the United States to prevent and respond to threatened or actual domestic terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards preparedness goal, establishing mechanisms for improved delivery of Federal preparedness assistance to State and local governments, and outlining actions to strengthen preparedness capabilities of Federal, State, and local entities.
Near Real-time - The delay introduced, when compared to “real-time” or instant, by human entry into a computer system, automated data processing, or network transmission, between the occurrence of an event and the use of the data.
Back
to Top
-O-
Open Architecture - An architecture of which the specifications are public. This includes officially approved standards as well as privately designed architectures the specifications of which are made public by the designers.
Open Standards - Open standards are publicly available specifications for achieving a specific task. By allowing anyone to use the standard, they increase compatibility between various hardware and software components since anyone with the technical know-how and the necessary equipment to implement solutions can build something that works together with those of other vendors.
Back
to Top
-P-
Patient – One who receives medical attention, care, or treatment. For the purposes of the IPTI, the term ‘patient’ can also include disaster victims, evacuees and the deceased.
Patient Identification – Ability to accurately identify and maintain a single patient record for each patient. IT can contain demographic information including addresses, phone numbers, date of birth, sex and other information needed for the provision of care.
Patient Locator – A component of Integrated Patient Tracking, Patient Locator is for determining the location of a patient within the continuum of care.
Patient Tracking – The ability to know, at any given time, the location and status of a patient from the time s/he is first encountered by an emergency responder at an emergency event to arrival at a facility, whether the facility is a hospital, shelter or morgue.
Personal Health Record (PHR) – A secure, private, list of person-centric health information, entered, maintained, and managed by that person for themselves, or for others for whom they provide care. The PHR allows the person to view and manage their own health information independent of any provider team.
Predictive Algorithm – A complex set of mathematical equations developed by a multidisciplinary team of physicians, trauma surgeons, engineers and injury statisticians to predict the probability of a serious, potentially life-threatening injury, resulting from an accident or emergency event.
Provider – Individual assessing, triaging and treating the patient, or providing care for a victim.
Back
to Top
-R-
Really Simple Syndication - RSS is a way of marketing content on a Web site so users can receive an alert every time it is updated. New content is collected by and presented in RSS readers, or aggregators, so users don't have to visit Web sites to retrieve the information.
Redundant Means - Backup or alternative channels available in order to account for technological or other system failures.
Resource Management – Software application systems that assist in the management of supplies, beds, equipment and personnel.
Role-based Access Control - Roles are established and given permissions to access functions and information. A user is assigned a role with its associated permissions based on the job function the user performs and his or her need to know.
Back
to Top
-S-
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) - Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a design methodology aimed at maximizing the reuse of application-neutral services to increase IT adaptability and efficiency.
SNOMED (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine) - Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine. A standardized vocabulary system that creates a common clinical language for medical databases. Current modules contain more that 144,000 terms and are available in at least 12 languages.
Strategic National Stockpiles (SNS) - CDC program that reserves large quantities of medical supplies for use in the occurrence of a public health emergency which results in diminished local supplies. Plans to receive and distribute SNS resources are determined by state authorities.
System - A system is a combination of inter-related elements comprising a unified whole.
Back
to Top
-T-
Target Capabilities List - A framework for the development of a network of capabilities that will be available when and where needed to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from incidents of national significance.
Technology Agnostic - A system not designed based on a single technological application or system, but rather focused on capabilities and functionalities.
Trauma Score, Revised - A physiological scoring system, with demonstrated accuracy in predicting death. It is scored from the first set of data obtained on the patient, and consists of Glasgow Coma Scale, Systolic Blood Pressure and Respiratory Rate.
Triage Tag - A tool used by first responders in a mass casualty incident allowing them to identify and track a patient’s location, severity of injuries, treatment provided, and medications administered during an event.
Back
to Top
-U-
Unique User ID – A unique system-generated identifier that is used by a system to associate and identify a user. This number is stored in a user profile along with username, and other user-specific information such as password.
Use Case – A technique for capturing the potential requirements of a new system or software change. Each use case provides one or more scenarios that convey how the system should interact with the end user or another system to achieve a specific business/process goal. Use cases typically avoid technical jargon, preferring instead the language of the end user or domain expert.
Back
to Top
-W-
Wireless and Mobile Services – Communications, monitoring or control systems in which electromagnetic or acoustic waves carry a signal through atmospheric space without a physical connection.
Back
to Top
|
